1. Duke University, 3065, Durham, North Carolina, United States;
2. Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 21798, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
3. Kaiser Permanente, Division of Research, 94612, California, United States
4. Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States
5. University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 14640, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
6. University of Pennsylvania, 6572, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
7. University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 14640, Palliative and Advanced Illness Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
8. University of Chicago Department of Medicine, 123987, Chicago, Illinois, United States
9. University of Pennsylvania, 6572, Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States