1. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine;
2. Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
3. Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
4. Laboratório de Pneumologia LIM-09, Disciplina de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil;
5. Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sírio-Libanes, São Paulo, Brazil;
6. Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
7. Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
8. St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
9. Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland