1. Department of Critical Care, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio;
2. Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana;
3. Department of Critical Care, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom;
4. Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences (CHAPS), School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom;
5. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky;
6. Division of Pulmonary Critical Care, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
7. Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio;
8. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota;
9. Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
10. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
11. Respiratory and Critical Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;
12. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;
13. Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;
14. ALung Technologies, LivaNova PLC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
15. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
16. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts