1. Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Research Institute at St. Joseph’s Healthcare, and
2. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;
3. Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences,
4. Division of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
5. Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut;
6. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Biomedical Research in End-Stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hanover, Germany;
7. Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan;
8. McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Medicine,
9. Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
10. Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
11. Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and
12. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;
13. INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France