1. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa;
2. Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program–University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam;
3. Center for Promotion of Advancement of Society, Hanoi, Vietnam;
4. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,
5. UCSF Center for Tuberculosis, and
6. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California;
7. School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California; and
8. Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program, Hanoi, Vietnam