Affiliation:
1. Zakład Chemii Fizycznej, Katedra Farmacji Fizycznej i Bioanalizy, Wydział Farmaceutyczny, Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Warszawa
Abstract
The TRPV1 receptor (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1)
is a non-selective cationic channel activated by vanilloids like capsaicin. Therefore, TRPV1 is
also called a capsaicin’s receptor, which is a spicy substance found in chili peppers. The receptor
is located in sensory nerve fibers and non-neuronal cells, for example in vascular endothelial
and smooth muscle cells. It is thought to act as an integrator of various physical and
chemical stimuli that provide heat and pain. The activation of the TRPV1 may affect at various
physiological functions like release inflammatory mediators, gastrointestinal motility and
temperature regulation. Numerous studies in recent years show TRPV1 plays an important
role in physiology and development of pathological conditions of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular
and respiratory system. These receptors are widely studied as a gripping point for
new painkillers, but there are also data indicating their potential involvement in the pathomechanism
of various diseases, e.g. epilepsy. TRPV1 targeting may be useful not only in paintreatment
but also urinary incontinence, chronic cough or irritable bowel syndrome. The need
for further investigation of the therapeutic potential of TRPV1 antagonists indicates the lack
of effective drugs to treat many of these conditions. The purpose of this article is to collect
and summarize knowledge about the TRPV1 receptor, its structure and mechanism of action.
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical)
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