Assessment of short-term functional voice therapy in patients with unilateral paralysis of the larynx

Abstract

Introduction Laryngeal paralysis deteriorates all laryngeal functions. Therefore the therapeutic process must include restoration of respiratory, defensive and vocal function. Selection of a proper rehabilitation path plays a key role. Appropriate research protocol that includes objective methods of voice evaluation is an important element of monitoring the return of vocal efficiency. Voice efficiency is important for the patient particularly due to psychological and social reasons. Aim The aim of the study was the assessment of short-term functional voice therapy (FVT) in patients with unilateral paralysis of the larynx with the usage of objective parameters describing the glottis and voice quality. Material and Method During the last 10 years 355 patients with laryngeal paralysis were hospitalized in the Audiology and Phoniatrics Clinic due to dysphonia. All patients undergone 5-day FVT. From 2015 we unified diagnostic protocol measuring parameters obtained from videostrobokymography (VSK), electroglottography (EGG), perceptual and acoustic voice analysis before and after 5 day hospitalization. Results After FVT patients improved voice quality and glottal compensation. The majority of patients achieved a statistically significant improvement in the VSK, EGG, MDVP and perceptual analysis. Group of patients with unsatisfactory voice improvement after therapy required a prolonged rehabilitation or has been qualified for laryngeal microsurgery. Potential factors that could have cause insufficient effects of FVT were analysed. Conclusions The complexity of voice rehabilitation is crucial for the success of therapy. Interdisciplinary therapeutic team plays a significant role during voice rehabilitation in patients with vocal fold paralysis.