Distribution of Bacteria according to Drug Resistance among Adult Women with Bacteriuria in Samara City

Abstract

Background: Bacteriuria is defined as the presence of bacteria in urine without the accompanying signs and symptoms of a urinary tract infection. The most common bacterium causing bacteriuria is E. coli. About 1-5% of healthy premenopausal women and 1.9-9.5% of pregnant women have bacteriuria. The most effective drugs based on urine culture results were Nitrofurantoin (98.3%), followed by Cefuroxime (89.3%) and Cotrimoxazole (20%).  Aim and objectives: To identify the distribution of bacteria according to drug resistance among adult women with bacteriuria in Samara city, Iraq, and to determine certain influencing factors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on adult women (18-44 years) attending Samara General Hospital. Demographic information and investigation results were obtained and reported using an appropriate questionnaire. A patient with asymptomatic bacteriuria was identified when one species of bacteria grew in the urine with at least 100,000 colony-forming units (CFUs) per milliliter, regardless of the presence of pyuria, even in the absence of any UTI symptoms. Frequencies (number of cases) and percentages were used to statistically describe the data where appropriate. Comparison between the study groups was performed using the Chi-square (χ2) test. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The frequency of bacterial growth in the sample was 19%. The highest frequency of cases was among the age group 28-37 years (22.4%). Positive cases were more prevalent among pregnant women (21.4%) than non-pregnant women (13.3%). Staphylococcus was the most frequently identified bacterium (42%), followed by E. coli (39%), Klebsiella (11%), and Streptococcus (8%). The drug with the highest sensitivity to bacterial growth was Amikacin, followed by Meropenem. Conclusions: The frequency of bacterial growth was 19%. The most frequently isolated bacteria from the culture were Staphylococcus, followed by E. coli. The most sensitive drug was Amikacin, followed by Meropenem.