Simulation of a plasmonic sensor using kinetic theory of plasma with the Vlasov equation in MATLAB

Abstract

Abstract This research proposes a mathematical model for a plasmonic sensor using kinetic theory of plasma with the Vlasov equation. A nanoantenna cavity of a plasmonic material is driven by an input electromagnetic wave, which changes the charge density and current flow in the cavity, resulting in a change in the Fermi distribution function of the charged particles. The results are achieved in terms of current density and conductivity by solving the Boltzmann transport equation, Maxwell’s equations, and Taylor series expansion in terms of perturbed electric fields with linear integro differential equations. The results are simulated using MATLAB. The changes in current density and conductivity are validated by experimental analysis of graphene plasmonic material using patch antenna with the dielectric substrates SiO2 and Al2O3. By varying the applied electric fields, current changes at the output of the plasmonic antenna are analyzed using signal-processing techniques. Wavelet transforms are used to find the space-scale behavior of the output signals, such as current density variation, voltage variation, and susceptibility change with sub-band coding techniques in terms of wavelet coefficients.