Some analyses on optimal energy-extraction efficiency in a free-electron laser

Author:

Qika JiaORCID

Abstract

Abstract In this paper, the energy-extraction efficiencies of the electron beam are studied for several cases of free-electron laser (FEL). For an initially cold electron beam, the optimal initial detuning for the maximum energy-extraction efficiency and the corresponding saturation length are given. A scheme of the ‘top up’ is proposed to enhance the efficiency: after the electron energy being modulated somewhat, a phase shift and a step-down of the phase bucket are introduced, so that all electrons are located near the upper separatrix of the bucket in the phase space. Finally, the energy-extraction efficiency can be increased by 30% compared with that of the normal undulator case. For a linear tapering undulator with an initially cold electron beam, the simple scaling laws for the maximum energy-extraction efficiency and the corresponding optical power gain are obtained. For a tapered undulator with the pre-bunched electron beam, our analysis gives that the energy-extraction efficiency reaches the maximum when the phase bucket height of the tapered undulator is equal to the amplitude of the detuning modulation. The numerical results validated this reasoning and show that the efficiency has a large increase compared with the case of the unbunched electron beam. The single stair-step undulator is investigated, the optimal step and the corresponding saturation power and saturation length are given by analysis, they agree well with the numerical simulation results.

Funder

National Nature Science Foundation of China

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Publisher

IOP Publishing

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy

Cited by 1 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Analytical study of FEL oscillator saturation state based on longitudinal ponderomotive bucket;Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment;2023-07

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