Facile molten salt synthesis of carbon-anchored TiN nanoparticles for durable high-rate lithium-ion battery anodes

Abstract

Abstract Transition metal nitrides (TMNs), including titanium nitride (TiN), exhibit remarkable application prospects as anodes for durable high-rate lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Regrettably, the absence of simple synthesis methods restricts their further development. Herein, a facile and low-cost molten salt synthesis strategy was proposed to prepare carbon-anchored TiN nanoparticles as an advanced anode material for LIBs with high rate capabilities. This nanosized TiN obtained is ∼5 nm in size and well-distributed onto carbon plates, which could release a reversible capacity of ∼381.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 250 cycles and ∼141.5 mAh g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 after 1000 cycles. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the conversion reaction between TiN and Li-ions happened during the electrochemical reaction process, resulting in the formation of Li3N and Ti. This unique microstructure attributed from TiN nanoparticles anchored by carbon could support the structural volume during cycling. This work highlights the method superiority of TiN prepared via a molten salt synthesis strategy as an anode for LIBs with impressive rate performances.