Abstract
Abstract
This study encompasses a comprehensive investigation of stable metal halide perovskite materials, focusing on bandgap tuning, crystallization pathways, and the impact of moisture. In this work, we successfully synthesized different compositions of layered perovskites of methylammonium copper halides ((CH3NH3)2CuCl4). The morphology and structure were examined using a scanning electron microscope and x-ray diffractometer. Morphological and structural characterizations enhanced our understanding of the microstructure and crystallographic properties. A detailed structural characterization of the (CH3NH3)2CuCl4 was conducted using the Scherrer equation and the Williamson–Hall (W–H) method. To examine the effects of moisture on the optical properties of the samples, we used a UV–vis spectrophotometer, which provided valuable insight into their bandgap tuning. In addition, photoluminescence studies were conducted to investigate the blue fluorescence of the samples, demonstrating their efficacy in optoelectronic applications. We also explored the materials’ response to intense light using the Z-scan technique, examining their nonlinear optical properties. The findings of this study are pivotal in advancing our knowledge and facilitating the development of more stable and versatile perovskite materials for practical applications. Subsequently, simulations were conducted using the SCAPS-1D, a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator, revealing a promising solar cell architecture with a glass substrate/FTO/zinc oxide (ZnO)/(CH3NH3)2CuCl4/spiro-OMeTAD/Au configuration, showcasing an impressive conversion efficiency of 27.93%, a fill factor of 84.16, Jsc of 34.39 mA cm−2, and Voc of 0.9 V.