Protection of residential buildings from vehicle emissions using landscaping areas of various design

Abstract

Abstract The gas protection efficiency of green spaces on highways and transport infrastructure objects in residential areas and historical centers of cities has been studied in this article. The most effective protection of roadside areas from gas contamination is provided by dense landscaping strips. The rows of plants closest to the edge of the roadway should be represented by shrubs that form two-tiered hedges, and trees with a low crown. In such rows, the height of woody plants should be gradually increased to form a step-shaped strip per cross section. In order to expand the zone of gas-protective influence of landscaping strips, it is necessary to provide for ordinary planting of high-growing trees in their composition. If the street width is not sufficient to accommodate linear-lane structures of green spaces with the maximum density with a value of the openness coefficient K, close to 1, it is necessary to form landscaping strips of optimal density with a value K=0.5…0.6. On streets with multi-section front buildings in green belts, the most preferable is the height of trees at the level of the middle floors, which provides lower concentrations in front of the strip and uniform dispersion of ingredients at the walls of buildings, as well as intensive air exchange in the pedestrian traffic zone.