Environmental and economic assessment of the impact of oil and gas production on the state of landscape and botanical complexes in the Urals

Abstract

Abstract The article presents the results of environmental and economic assessment of the impact of oil and gas industry objects on the state of landscape and botanical complexes in the Urals. Using the example of two oil and gas fields, the complex impact of the construction and operation of this type of facility is shown. The greatest disturbances to the land are caused by the construction and operation of industrial sites for integrated gas treatment plants and gas distribution networks, wells and service pipelines, crane assemblies and piston start-up and intake assemblies. Despite the fact that according to the point system, the impact of the enterprise on biocenoses is assessed as “weak negative,” the impact of oil and gas production facilities has led to a significant change in landscape and botanical complexes. In addition to changing the geochemical state of landscapes and the redistribution of natural geochemical cycles, a change in the ecological structure of species of edificators, a change in their physiological and morphological functions has been established. This impact directly affects the state of forest ecosystems, water conservation, water regulation, and absorption functions of the forest. Economic damage from the operation of oil and gas production facilities is 137042, 00 rubles.