The current state of forest stands under anthropogenic impacts on the example of the Orenburg Urals

Abstract

Abstract The article presents the results of monitoring the state of forest stands in the Orenburg region. The proportion of planted areas with impaired and lost resistance is significant. The main reasons for the weakening and death of forests were forest fires (71.1%), adverse weather conditions and soil and climatic factors (11.9%), as well as forest diseases (9.4%). The dry climate and intense anthropogenic impacts bring forest fires to a dominant position in the loss of forest stands in the Orenburg region as a whole. An analysis of the forest fire data of the region shows that the frequency of fires is on average 10 cases per 100 ha of forests per year; the maximum number of fires is 25, and the largest area covered by the fire is up to 450 ha (2010). Recommendations are given on preventing anthropogenic impact on the soil and vegetation cover of forest cenoses of the Orenburg region. One of the main sources of anthropogenic impact on forest ecosystems is mining. The complex impact of oil and gas production and refining processes will be manifested for a long time.