Soil erosion and the influenced factors: A review article

Abstract

Abstract Unacceptable rates of soil erosion are one of the main important factors that the hydrologists and the water engineers should keep in their mind to prevent soil detachment and increasing of the sediment yields from occurring. Unnoticed soil erosion due to slow process may lead to serious problems with the time due to wash of soil surface that leads to decrease the shear strength and building failure may occur. This review paper focuses on the forms of soil erosion, the affecting factors and prediction of the soil erosion. Forms of soil erosion are presented clearly and the formations of the rills, inter-rills, gullies due to steam flow are explained. Historical sequence of main important equations of the soil erosion determinations from art-of-literature is presented. Hydraulic, topographical and soil critical condition for the erosion with empirical equations are explained in details. Finally, the sedimentation which is the results of the soil erosion, sediment transport and the sediment yields process has been considered in this paper.