Automated monitoring systems for defects and damages of building structures and materials

Abstract

Abstract The automated systems for monitoring defects and damages of building structures and materials are considered. The presented systems make it possible to obtain information on the building structures cracks and joints’ opening, the measurements of oscillation and shock acceleration, dynamic soil testing and defects control in composite materials. The “System for monitoring the state of cracks and joints of buildings and structures» is one of the presented systems. This system is necessary for collecting and transmitting information about the cracks and joints’ opening width of the building structures as well as environmental conditions, can be used when inspecting buildings and structures, as well as in automated systems for monitoring the buildings and structures’ technical condition. The modernization of the system sensor makes it possible to measure the humidity and temperature of the external environment and to determine the dependence of the crack opening width on weather conditions. The next element presented by the system is a sensor for measuring oscillation and shock acceleration, also based on an electrochemical principle of operation. The invention makes it possible to solve the problems of increasing the reliability of converting dynamic mechanical quantities into an electrical signal in a wide range of loads and frequencies. It can be used on the construction sites, for seismic measurements and experimental studies. Further, in the system under consideration, an element of which is a load cell sensor, designed to measure voltage in foundation soils, based on an electrochemical principle of action. Load cell allows performing dynamic soil tests, while the technical result is achieved in increasing the device reliability and the measurements accuracy. To determine the defects of composite materials, a non-destructive testing system based on the acoustic emission signals analysis is considered.