Agricultural air pollution in Indonesia: A mini-review

Abstract

Abstract Indonesia is an agricultural country that is a majority of the population consuming rice, corn and sugar cane for daily energy. But farmers tend to do open burning to their agricultural waste. The open burning practice of agricultural waste is filled with PM2.5 which contributes to air pollution. The research of air pollution modelling in Indonesia often uses the default value of global inventory. This gives the modelling results that are less representative of the situation in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a PM2.5 emission inventory from the agriculture sector in Indonesia. In addition, the inventory of PM2.5 emissions from the agricultural sector in Indonesia is still relatively minimal. In addition, most of research in Indonesia still focuses on agricultural burning activities and has not been able to identify the PM2.5 emissions from the preparation of agricultural land activities. In fact, according to international research, the two largest emissions of PM2.5 on the agricultural sector came from agricultural biomass burning activities and the preparation of agricultural land. Therefore, a comprehensive inventory study need to be investigated immediately in order to determine local factor emission as a better representatives input for agricultural air pollution modelling in Indonesia.