Liquid/liquid equilibrium data measurement of iso-butanol + diethyl carbonate + water ternary system at 303.15 - 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure

Abstract

Abstract Oxygenate compounds are organic compounds that can be mixed into fuel to increase the oxygen content. The effect of these additions to the fuel is increased combustion efficiency and reduced environmental pollution. Diethyl carbonate (DEC) is an ideal additive to replace toxic fuel additives such as methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE). DEC has high oxygen content, low vapour pressure, high octane mixture value, reduces emissions of hydrocarbons, CO, NOx, and other particles. DEC can be used as a single additive in gasoline or a co-additive in combination with alcohol such as iso-butanol. The aim of this study were to obtain liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data of DEC (1) + iso-butanol (2) + H2O (3) ternary system at temperature of 303.15 - 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The LLE data were obtained by experiment using equilibrium cell equipped with heating jacket. This equipment has a pressure deviation of ± 100.72 kPa. Each liquid sample was taken separately to analyse its composition as an equilibrium composition using gas chromatography with a standard deviation of 0.1% mol. Based on LLE data result, it shows that iso-butanol + H2O and DEC + H2O binary mixtures are partially miscible while iso-butanol + DEC mixture is total miscible. The experimental data were then correlated with thermodynamic models Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL) and Universal Quasi-Chemical (UNIQUAC) equations with RMSD values of 0.72% and 0.62%.