Increasing gross grain harvest in the southern forest-steppe zone of the Novosibirsk region

Abstract

Abstract The article analyzes the features of grain production in the Novosibirsk region of Russia. The authors analyzed the development of innovative technologies in farms. Unfortunately, extensive technology is still the most common. In the Novosibirsk region, 60% of agricultural enterprises use extensive technology and create 49% of the gross grain harvest with an average yield of 14.3 hundredweight/ha, 20% of farms create 26% of the gross grain harvest with a yield of 23.3 hundredweight/ha, 11% of farms create 21% of the gross grain harvest with a yield of 33.4 hundredweight/ha. The authors chose the Novomayskoye farm in the southern forest-steppe zone of the Novosibirsk region as a model. The simulation results were tested in practice, they showed that the transition to intensive technology with direct seeding (No-till) required an increase of 1.5 times the technical support and costs for mineral fertilizers and plant protection products, i.e. from 6 thousand rubles/ha of wheat crops to 9 thousand rubles/ha (in 2020, 1 USD≈65 Rub), but this allowed to reduce fuel consumption by 30 - 35% and the need for machine operators by 1.7 - 2 times.