Cutting Forces and Flank Wears Analysis for End Mill Processes Using HSS Tools Cryogenic Treatment When Cutting PFRP Material

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to characterize the wear and cutting forces of cryogenically treated and non-treated high-speed steel (HSS) tools when milling PFPR work piece. Pineapple fibre mixed with unsaturated polyester resin was prepared for the work piece. While three levels of cryogenic treatment were applied to the HSS tools with time immersion parameters in liquid nitrogen and time duration. The end mill process using the tools was applied to examine wear and cutting forces. Significant improvement of flank wear ensued on the first tool variation with average flank wear of 90 μm where the tool was treated cryogenically with the immersion of 48 hours and raising the heat up to 150o then normalized and repeating twice. Severe flank wears arisen on a non-treated cryogenic tool with 115 μm. The axial force, cutting force, and thrust force the tool variation varied in the range of 0.4 N to 2.5 N, 40 N to 210 N, 5 N to 28 N, respectively. It can be concluded that cryogenic treatment on HSS employing cryogenic treatment on the first variation of the tool is recommended to be applied in workshops.