Pediocin and Grape Seed Extract as Antimicrobial Agents in Nanocellulose Biobased Food Packaging: A Review

Abstract

Abstract The food industry is a life-long and highly demanded industry as it is an essential human need. Food safety has become an urgent discussion related to this industry since the foodborne disease has gradually increased. One of the causes of the disease is L. monocytogenes, usually discovered in fresh meat, ready-to-eat meat, vegetables, and milk. L. monocytogenes causes an infection known as listeriosis. Food packaging plays an essential role as it protects the food from external contaminants to increase the shelf life. The high usage of conventional food packaging derived from fossil fuel contributes to the environmental issue as it creates long-term wastes. Therefore, biobased food packaging has been in favor as it is biodegradable. However, it lacks antimicrobial properties, so the development of biobased material as the antimicrobial food packaging is a potent solution in the food safety scope. This review paper intends to summarize current advancements in incorporating antimicrobial agents with nanocellulose biobased food packaging to increase the packaging’s functional value. Pediocin is the antimicrobial agent produced by Pediococcus sp. integrated with Grape Seed Extract (GSE), which gives an antioxidant property that boosts the food packaging’s antimicrobial effect. Observations show that incorporating these antimicrobials agents obstructs the growth of L. monocytogenes in biobased food packaging. Incorporating antimicrobial agents into nanocellulose matrix shifts the tendency to make biobased packaging that gives better mechanical strength and longer shelf life. Overall, this greener antimicrobial food packaging could be a solution to environmental waste as well as foodborne pathogens.