Study of the structure and mechanical properties of electron-beam-welded dissimilar joints of copper and stainless steel with and without offset

Abstract

Abstract We present the results of an investigation of the structure and mechanical properties of dissimilar joints of copper and 304L stainless steel formed by electron-beam welding. The samples studied were welded without a beam offset and with a beam offset towards either welded materials to a distance of 0.3 mm. The phase composition was determined via X-ray analysis. The structure was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties, including hardness and tensile strength, were measured. The phase composition of the considered specimens consisted of a double-phase structure of face-centered cubic (fcc) and body-centered cubic (bcc) phases. The sample welded without offset exhibited the highest yield strength and tensile strength values. The microhardness of all samples increased in the fusion zone on the steel side and decreased in the fusion zone on the copper side compared to the initial hardness of the two materials.