Biomechanics, physics and energy modelling of motion control

Abstract

Abstract Free throws in basketball were chosen to search for regularities of motion control. Ten female basketball students took part in the experiment, each of whom performed a series of throws up to 10 hits. Using the method of high-speed video shooting and numerical simulation, the analysis of kinematic characteristics of the throws, biomechanics, physics and energy modelling of motion control was performed. As a result of the study the regularity was revealed, consisting in the fact that during repeated throws the motion control is carried out by correcting ballistic parameters from the boundary of the effective hit zone to the central zone of the most reliable hit. Sportswomen with a high degree of accuracy determined the direction of correction, but they could hardly determine the quantitative value of the correction itself. By analyzing the parameters of each individual throw directly, the second general regularity of motion control was found. A throw as a movement regularity is divided into two parts: preparatory – when an athlete from any game situation strives to take a standard (maximally familiar and maximally stereotypical) position with minimal uncertainty; and the main one – when from a standard position, based on motor memory according to the principle of the “reflex ring”, targeted movement correction is carried out. The second part of the movement allows for the possibility of random errors and excessive corrections occurrence.