Study on the Sealing Performance of O-ring under High-Pressure Environment

Abstract

Abstract The sealing properties of the O-ring of the hydraulic cylinder plunger rod under a high-pressure environment are related to a variety of factors. In this paper, we first establish a simulation model based on an O-ring reciprocating shaft seal under a high pressure-environment through finite element software and study the influence of the compression rate, static pressure, and reciprocating speed of the plunger rod on the sealing performance of O-ring through the simulation model, and then analyze the maximum stress of O-ring during installation, hydrostatic loading and reciprocating motion with the variation of structural parameters. The results indicate that the compression rate of the installation process has a significant effect on the sealing performance of the enhanced O-ring. In the hydrostatic loading process, the equivalent stress of the O-ring is increased with the increase of the compression rate, when the static pressure is low and decreases, and when the static pressure is high, and the equivalent stress shows an increasing trend and the same increase; in the reciprocating motion process, when the static pressure is low, the equivalent stress and contact stress of the O-ring does not change significantly with the compression rate, and when the static pressure is high, there is an obvious phenomenon of abrupt change. The frictional stress of the reciprocating motion is increasing, then decreases, and then increases with the change in static pressure.