OV-bearing modes with ℓ = 2 of twisted anisotropic optical fibres

Abstract

Abstract We investigated the high-order mode structure of a weakly guiding twisted anisotropic optical fibre. An analytical solution of the vector wave equation for this case is presented. We obtained analytical expressions for the higher-order modes with an azimuthal number ℓ = 2 and their propagation constants of such a fibre, considering the mutual effect of linear anisotropy of fibre’s material, twisting, including torsional mechanical stress, and spin-orbital interaction. We showed that optical vortex beams with topological charge ±2 are the modes of the fibres considered.