Modeling and Analysis of Millimeter Wave 5G Cellular Networks Based on 3-D Spatial Model

Abstract

Abstract Wireless cellular networks are usually modeled and analysed in two-dimensional (2-D) space. The 2-D model is suitable for the analysis of cellular networks in suburb area but not for the dense millimeter cellular networks in the urban environments. In this work, a three-dimensional (3-D) model based on stochastic geometry is proposed, in which the distribution of base stations (BSs) are modelled as a 3-D Poisson point process (PPP), the blockage is modelled as line of sight (LOS) ball, the shadowing of wireless channel is modelled as Nakagami-m fading, and both the transmitters and receivers obtain maximum gain of beamforming by a large array of antennas. Based on the model, the distribution of the distance between the target user and the nearest the BS is given, and then the average coverage probability and transmission rate of the networks are derived. We analyse the impact of parameters such as path loss, cell radius on average coverage and the relationship between BS density and average rate through Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation results show that in the dense urban environment, the performance of 3-D PPP model of the millimeter wave cellular network analysis is more precise.