A compact 3-dB coupler with stubs

Abstract

Abstract High wave resistance line and no-load stubs were used as a tool for reducing the area of directional coupler on microwave substrate. Replacement of all λ/4 sections (segments) that are part of the coupler with the described artificial transmission lines allowed to reduce the area of the device by 76,8% (with frequency 1.9 GHz). Mathematical calculation and analysis of devices was made using Cadence AWR DE. The manufactured layout has comparable characteristics with the characteristics obtained for the model in AWR program. Negative aspects of miniaturization are narrowing of the line and increasing losses at the coupler.