Dynamical study of ellipsoidal universes

Abstract

Abstract A Universe containing uniform magnetic fields, strings, or domain walls is shown to have an ellipsoidal expansion. This case is motivated from observational cosmology, especially the anomaly concerning the low quadrupole amplitude compared to the best-fit ΛCDM prediction in WMAP data. It is shown that a Universe with eccentricity at decoupling of order 10−2 can reduce the quadrupole amplitude without affecting higher multipoles of the angular power spectrum of the temperature anisotropy. The evolution of ellipsoidal Universes is studied using dynamical system techniques for the first time. The determined critical points vary between saddle and past attractors depending on dark energy state equation parameter w Λ, with no future attractors. Numerical integrations of this dynamical system done using several initial conditions are showing new important results. For instance, a tendency for high expansion differences between planar and perpendicular axes is observed which contradicts previous assumptions on the evolution behaviour of ellipsoid Universes.