Impact Metformin and Insulin Therapy on Parathyroid Hormone and 25 (OH) Vitamin D in Diabetic Post-menopausal Iraqi Women

Abstract

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of insulin therapy and metformin on parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25 (OH) Vitamin D and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) in diabetic post-menopausal women. In this case-control study, 200 individuals were divided into 4 groups each group containing 50 patients, (CG) group were healthy post-menopausal, (OP) group were post-menopausal with osteoporosis (OP), (T2D insulin) group were post-menopausal with diabetic and treated insulin once daily and (T2D-metformin) group were post-menopausal with diabetic and treated metformin (500 mg) twice daily. The results revealed that serum for fasting blood glucose (F.B.G), hemostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMO-RI), 25(OH) Vitamin D, and ALP demonstrated a significant different in (T2D-insulin and T2D-metformin) group comparison with (OP) group. Whereas, the serum PTH, and total calcium was a significant reduce in (T2D-insulin and T2D-metformin) group comparison with (OP) group. Furthermore, the inorganic phosphate non-significant decrees in (T2D-insulin and T2D-metformin) group comparison with (OP) group. The final concluded that insulin therapy increases bone turnover biomarkers more than metformin therapy.