The challenges of paleolimnology Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract Paleolimnology had increased sharply as an approach for lake management, but most of the paleontological studies have been carried out in temperate and high-latitude regions. 40% of lakes lie within tropical areas, which represent 32% of surface global water bodies. Paleolimnology is a study of the physical, chemical, and biological features of the lakes in the past. Find the future from the past, prediction of the future condition can be developed from the reconstruction of past condition, based on the fossil preserved in the sediment. Ecosystem services of the lakes are hydroelectricity power, source of drinking water, irrigation, fisheries, tourism, socio-economic religious activities. Those functions have been deteriorated due to sedimentation, pollution, and eutrophication. Water security becomes a problem. Lake sediments as archives that record the climatic and environmental changes in the catchment area. VosViewer had been applied to construct and visualize bibliometric publications indexing by Scopus with the keywords paleolimnology, water resource, renewable energy, climate change, and food security. The result shows that there is a strong relationship between paleolimnology, climate change, and food security. Paleolimnology contributed to SDGs number 6(water security and sanitation) has an important role in the achievement of SDGs number 2 of food security through adaptation and mitigation of climate change (SDGs number 13), and terrestrial ecosystem, including lakes. This paper will discuss a paleolimnological approach to reconstruct past environmental changes and their challenges in Indonesia.