Macrophage-Inspired Nanorobots to Fast Recognition of Bacteria and Virus Through Electric Forces and Fields Patterns Inside of an Internet of Bio-Nano Things Network

Abstract

Abstract We present computational simulations of the expected performance by a nanodevice that would play the role as an immune system cell such as the well-known macrophage, in the sense that these advanced devices can detect and perform interventions against aggregations of bacteria or virus. These prospective nanorobots would have the capability to recognize physical properties as well as to anticipate motion of bacteria and virus based entirely in electric interactions. The recognition of the type of bacteria is achieved through the continuous sensing of the electric interactions between the nanorobot and bacteria. A physics-based model entirely developed from the calculations of electric forces supports the content of this paper. From the fact that nanorobots can exert electric forces on bacteria membrane based on the electric interactions basically. These engineered advanced devices are modeled through electrodynamics interactions that in a first instance might well described by the Jackson and Laplace equations in conjunction to the solution of the diffusion’s equation. By knowing forces and fields is possible to gain information about composition, motility and decisions made by bacteria and virus. Once the intensity of the electric force has been estimated the nanorobot can perform concrete tasks. In this manner a frequency is associated for a range of intensity of field. Such frequency is related to a certain color. Thus, in according to color, morphology and motility of the bacteria aggregations the nanorobot executes a decision to break-off the ionic internal composition to decrease their kinematics. Therefore, the distance between nanorobot and bacteria plays a crucial role in the simulations as to the fidelity of the recognition of the chemical compounds. The nanorobot learns about the type of bacteria through the frequency of oscillation. While a macrophage swallow and absorbs biological and biochemical debris and compounds, the present proposal translates this concept to one inside of the territory of Classical Electrodynamics by which advanced nanodevices acquire firm capabilities to reduce bacteria capacities to break their homeostasis in short times. The simulations have employed the method of bandwidth that allows to vary the field intensity through the resulting mathematical expressions. E-coli was used to test the model of this paper.