Design of the Ti-PCL interpenetrating phase composites with the minimal surface for property enhancement of orthopedic implants

Abstract

Abstract IPCs (interpenetrating phase composites) offer a promising approach to enhancing the mechanical properties of orthopedic implants, including strength, fracture toughness, and the potential for incorporating complex functionalities. In this study, Ti6Al4V-PCL IPCs were fabricated by additive manufacturing and infiltrating melted PCL into a Ti6Al4V scaffold with a minimal surface structure. The IPCs introduction modifies the specimen’s failure mode and improves its energy absorption performance through enhanced two-phase interaction and effective stress transfer. Finite element simulations demonstrate increased stress diffusion, improved energy absorption mechanisms, and a prolonged stress plateau period. Among various scaffold types, the Gyroid IPCs exhibit superior mechanical properties, making them an excellent choice for enhancing the performance and functional development of degradable implantable stents.