Vascular tissues bioprinted with smooth muscle cell-only bioinks in support baths mimic features of native coronary arteries

Author:

Figueroa-Milla Andre EORCID,DeMaria WilliamORCID,Wells Derrick,Jeon OjuORCID,Alsberg EbenORCID,Rolle Marsha WORCID

Abstract

Abstract This study explores the bioprinting of a smooth muscle cell-only bioink into ionically crosslinked oxidized methacrylated alginate (OMA) microgel baths to create self-supporting vascular tissues. The impact of OMA microgel support bath methacrylation degree and cell-only bioink dispensing parameters on tissue formation, remodeling, structure and strength was investigated. We hypothesized that reducing dispensing tip diameter from 27 G (210 μm) to 30 G (159 μm) for cell-only bioink dispensing would reduce tissue wall thickness and improve the consistency of tissue dimensions while maintaining cell viability. Printing with 30 G tips resulted in decreased mean wall thickness (318.6 μm) without compromising mean cell viability (94.8%). Histological analysis of cell-only smooth muscle tissues cultured for 14 d in OMA support baths exhibited decreased wall thickness using 30 G dispensing tips, which correlated with increased collagen deposition and alignment. In addition, a TUNEL assay indicated a decrease in cell death in tissues printed with thinner (30 G) dispensing tips. Mechanical testing demonstrated that tissues printed with a 30 G dispensing tip exhibit an increase in ultimate tensile strength compared to those printed with a 27 G dispensing tip. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of precise control over bioprinting parameters to generate mechanically robust tissues when using cell-only bioinks dispensed and cultured within hydrogel support baths. The ability to control print dimensions using cell-only bioinks may enable bioprinting of more complex soft tissue geometries to generate in vitro tissue models.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering

Publisher

IOP Publishing

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