Modulation instability and rogue wave spectrum for the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Abstract

Abstract We discuss modulation instability for the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation based on nonzero background wave frequency. First of all, we analyze the existence condition of modulation instability under different perturbed frequency. The influences of the background amplitude, background frequency and perturbed frequency on the modulation instability gain are researched, respectively. Also, we obtain the correspondences between several nonlinear excitations (Kuznetsov-Ma breather, general breather, rogue wave, bright soliton and plane wave) and modulation instability according to new parameters. Furthermore, by the Fourier transformation method, we perform spectrum analyses of the first-order and second-order rogue waves. The perturbed frequency of the rogue wave can affect the location and profile of the spectrum. And we find that the spectrum of the second-order rogue wave is jagged due to the collision of the rogue waves. These results would help us further understand the dynamics of rogue wave in complex systems.