Influence NiO on the structure, elastic properties and buildup factor of BaO-CdO-borosilicate glasses

Abstract

Abstract In this work, the structure, elasticity parameters, and buildup factor of borosilicate glasses doped with BaO, CdO and NiO have been studied. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy was utilized to study the internal structure of the present system. IR spectra are broad, especially since the superposition between the borate and silicate occurs in the same spectral region. A deconvolution process was carried out to extract these spectra into their individual bands. The values of tetrahedrally-coordinated boron atoms ratio ( N 4 ) barely increased from 37.9% for 1 mol% of NiO to 39.5% for 4 mol% of NiO. This increase indicates the transformation of three coordinated boron atoms ( BO 3 ) to four coordinated boron atoms ( BO 4 ) units with further NiO additions. The N 4 values were used along with the dissociation energies density and packing density parameters to calculate the elastic moduli; Young, shear, bulk, and Poisson ratio. The obtained values of Young’s modulus increase with further NiO additions. This increased behavior of Young’s modulus demonstrates the augmented ability of the current glasses to withstand variations in their length under lengthwise tensile tension or compression with further NiO additions. The rest of the elasticity moduli showed increased behaviors as well. These increased behaviors support the results obtained from structural properties analyses. An increment of BO4 units with decreasing the nonbridging oxygens ions (NBO) in the internal structure of present glasses produces an increase in the elastic parameters of these glasses. At photons energy of 0.2 MeV, the energy exposure buildup factor (EBF) values are low for glasses with a high concentration of CdO (low concentration of NiO), but the value of EBF is larger for glasses with a low concentration of CdO (high concentration of NiO).