A comparative analysis of the tribological performance of coir, bamboo and wood filler reinforced polymer composites

Abstract

Abstract Researchers and academics are increasingly favoring natural fibres for incorporation into polymer composites on account of their ecological compatibility and longevity. The aim of this comparative study is to identify the optimal natural filler by AHP-TOPSIS approach by analyzing the tribological performance of three distinct natural fillers: coir, bamboo, and wood reinforced polymer composite. These filler materials are pre-treated by alkali treatment to increase the interlinking properties between filler and polymer. The outcome of these treatments on the composites’ physical and mechanical properties are investigated. Using a Pin-on-disk (POD) machine under dry, wet, and heated sliding contact conditions, different natural fillers’ effects on polymer wear and friction are examined. The wear rate and coefficient of friction (COF) were quantified as a function of the sliding distance (0–2000 m) under various normal loads (5–40 N). It was observed from the different experimental results that coir filler reinforced composite shows best wear resistance property whereas wood filler reinforced composite shows the least wear resistance composite. Results revealed that lower filler support and low load show better wear resistant property compared to the higher filler support and high load condition. When seen through a microscope, the worn surfaces of the composite material exhibit micro and macro fissures, as well as debonding and plastic deformation. The coir filler-based composite was found to be the best alternative using the AHP-TOPSIS method, with a closeness coefficient of 0.770023.