Author:
Maestre J.,Torregrosa C.,Kershaw K.,Bracco C.,Coiffet T.,Ferrari M.,Franqueira Ximenes R.,Gilardoni S.,Grenier D.,Lechner A.,Maire V.,Martin Ruiz J.M.,Matheson E.,Solieri N.,Perillo-Marcone A.,Polzin T.,Rizzoglio V.,Senajova D.,Sharp C.,Timmins M.,Calviani M.
Abstract
Abstract
Two 6 t beam dumps, made of a graphite core encapsulated in
a stainless steel vessel, are used to absorb the energy of the two
Large Hadron Collider (LHC) intense proton beams during operation of
the accelerator. Operational issues started to appear in 2015 during
LHC Run 2 (2014–2018) as a consequence of the progressive increase
of the LHC beam kinetic energy, necessitating technical
interventions in the highly radioactive areas around the
dumps. Nitrogen gas leaks appeared after highly energetic beam
impacts and instrumentation measurements indicated an initially
unforeseen movement of the dumps. A computer modelling analysis
campaign was launched to understand the origin of these issues,
including both Monte Carlo simulations to model the proton beam
interaction as well as advanced thermo-mechanical analyses. The main
findings were that the amount of instantaneous energy deposited in
the dump vessel leads to a strong dynamic response of the whole dump
and high accelerations (above 200 g). Based on these findings, an
upgraded design, including a new support system and beam windows,
was implemented to ensure the dumps' compatibility with the more
intense beams foreseen during LHC Run 3 (2022–2025) of 539 MJ per
beam. In this paper an integral overview of the operational
behaviour of the dumps and the upgraded configurations are
discussed.
Subject
Mathematical Physics,Instrumentation
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1. LHC Machine;Evans;JINST,2008
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