Author:
Iakovidis G.,Levinson L.,Afik Y.,Alexa C.,Alexopoulos T.,Ameel J.,Amidei D.,Antrim D.,Badea A.,Bakalis C.,Boterenbrood H.,Brener R.S.,Chan S.,Chapman J.,Chatzianastasiou G.,Chen H.,Chu M.C.,Coliban R.M.,Costa de Paiva T.,de Geronimo G.,Edgar R.,Felt N.,Francescato S.,Franklin M.,Geralis T.,Gigliotti K.,Giromini P.,Gkountoumis P.,Grayzman I.,Guan L.,Guimaraes da Costa J.,Han L.,Hou S.,Hu X.,Hu K.,Huth J.,Ivanovici M.,Jin G.,Johns K.,Kajomovitz E.,Kehris G.,Kiskiras I.,Koulouris A.,Kyriakis E.,Lankford A.,Lee L.,Leung H.,Li F.,Liang Y.,Lu H.,Lupu N.,Martinez V.,Martoiu S.,Matakias D.,Mehalev I.,Mesolongitis I.,Miao P.,Mikenberg G.,Moleri L.,Moschovakos P.,Narevicius J.,Oliver J.,Pietreanu D.,Pinkham R.,Politis E.,Polychronakos V.,Popa S.,Prapa M.M.,Ravinovich I.,Roich A.,Rojas Caballero R.A.,Rozen Y.,Schernau M.,Schwartz T.,Scott G.,Shaked O.,Solis M.,Sun S.,Taffard A.,Tang S.,Tarem Z.,Tse W.,Tu Y.,Tuna A.,Tzanis P.,Tzanos S.,Vari R.,Vasile M.,Vdovin A.,Vermeulen J.,Wang J.,Wang X.,Wang A.,Wang R.,Xiao X.,Yao L.,Yildiz C.,Zachariadou K.,Zhou B.,Zhu J.,Zimmermann S.U.,Zormpa O.
Abstract
Abstract
The increase in luminosity, and consequent higher
backgrounds, of the LHC upgrades require improved rejection of fake
tracks in the forward region of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer. The
New Small Wheel upgrade of the Muon Spectrometer aims to reduce the
large background of fake triggers from track segments that don't
originate from the interaction point. The New Small Wheel employs
two detector technologies, the resistive strip Micromegas detectors
and the “small” Thin Gap Chambers, with a total of 2.45 million
electrodes to be sensed. The two technologies require the design of
a complex electronics system given that it consists of two different
detector technologies and is required to provide both precision
readout and a fast trigger. It will operate in a high background
radiation region up to about 20 kHz/cm2 at the expected HL-LHC
luminosity of
ℒ = 7.5 × 1034 cm-2 s-1. The
architecture of the system is strongly defined by the GBTx data
aggregation ASIC, the newly-introduced FELIX data router and the
software based data handler of the ATLAS detector. The electronics
complex of this new detector was designed and developed in the last
ten years and consists of multiple radiation tolerant Application
Specific Integrated Circuits, multiple front-end boards, dense
boards with FPGA's and purpose-built Trigger Processor boards within
the ATCA standard. The New Small Wheel has been installed in 2021
and is undergoing integration within ATLAS for LHC Run 3. It should
operate through the end of Run 4 (December 2032). In this
manuscript, the overall design of the New Small Wheel electronics is
presented.
Subject
Mathematical Physics,Instrumentation