Author:
Arduini G.,Baglin V.,Bartosik H.,Bottura L.,Bracco C.,Bradu B.,Bregliozzi G.,Brodzinski K.,Bruce R.,Calviani M.,Chiggiato P.,Cruikshank P.,Claudet S.,Delikaris D.,Fartoukh S.,Garion C.,Himmerlich M.,Hostettler M.,Iadarola G.,Kostoglou S.,Le Naour S.,Lechner A.,Lefevre T.,Mether L.,Papaphilippou Y.,Petit V.,Pojer M.,Poyet A.,Redaelli S.,Rodriguez Mateos F.,Rumolo G.,Salvant B.,Sanchez Galan F.,Siemko A.,Solfaroli-Camillocci M.,Sterbini G.,Taborelli M.,Tavian L.,Timko H.,Tock J.-Ph.,Verweij A.,Wendt M.,Wenninger J.,Wollmann D.,Yin Vallgren Ch.
Abstract
Abstract
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Long Shutdown 2
(2019–2021), following LHC Run 2, was primarily dedicated to the
upgrade of the LHC Injectors but it included also a significant
amount of activities aimed at consolidation of the LHC machine
components, removal of known limitations and initial upgrades in
view of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) to favour the intensity
ramp-up during Run 3 (2022–2025). An overview of the major
modifications to the accelerator and its systems is followed by a
summary of the results of the superconducting magnet training
campaign to increase the LHC operation energy beyond the maximum
value of 6.5 TeV reached during Run 2. The LHC configuration and
the scenarios for proton and ion operation for Run 3 are presented
considering the expected performance of the upgraded LHC Injectors
and the proton beam intensity limitations resulting from the heat
load on the cryogenic system due to beam-induced electron cloud and
impedance.