1. J. S. Hammond , R. L. Keeney, and H. Raiffa, Smart Choices: A Practical Guide to Making Better Decisions (Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1999). See especially the discussion of objectives where fundamental objectives are distinguished from instrumental objectives, pp. 31-45.
2. N. L. Schwartz , The Blue Guitar: Political Representation and Community (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988), 1 and 141-145.