Soft matter roadmap*
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Published:2023-12-12
Issue:1
Volume:7
Page:012501
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ISSN:2515-7639
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Container-title:Journal of Physics: Materials
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language:
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Short-container-title:J. Phys. Mater.
Author:
Barrat Jean-Louis, Del Gado EmanuelaORCID, Egelhaaf Stefan U, Mao Xiaoming, Dijkstra Marjolein, Pine David J, Kumar Sanat K, Bishop Kyle, Gang Oleg, Obermeyer Allie, Papadakis Christine M, Tsitsilianis Constantinos, Smalyukh Ivan IORCID, Hourlier-Fargette Aurelie, Andrieux Sebastien, Drenckhan Wiebke, Wagner Norman, Murphy Ryan P, Weeks Eric RORCID, Cerbino RobertoORCID, Han YilongORCID, Cipelletti Luca, Ramos LaurenceORCID, Poon Wilson C K, Richards James A, Cohen Itai, Furst Eric M, Nelson AlshakimORCID, Craig Stephen L, Ganapathy Rajesh, Sood Ajay KumarORCID, Sciortino FrancescoORCID, Mungan MuhittinORCID, Sastry Srikanth, Scheibner Colin, Fruchart Michel, Vitelli Vincenzo, Ridout S A, Stern M, Tah I, Zhang G, Liu Andrea J, Osuji Chinedum O, Xu Yuan, Shewan Heather M, Stokes Jason R, Merkel MatthiasORCID, Ronceray Pierre, Rupprecht Jean-François, Matsarskaia Olga, Schreiber Frank, Roosen-Runge FelixORCID, Aubin-Tam Marie-Eve, Koenderink Gijsje H, Espinosa-Marzal Rosa M, Yus Joaquin, Kwon Jiheon
Abstract
AbstractSoft materials are usually defined as materials made of mesoscopic entities, often self-organised, sensitive to thermal fluctuations and to weak perturbations. Archetypal examples are colloids, polymers, amphiphiles, liquid crystals, foams. The importance of soft materials in everyday commodity products, as well as in technological applications, is enormous, and controlling or improving their properties is the focus of many efforts. From a fundamental perspective, the possibility of manipulating soft material properties, by tuning interactions between constituents and by applying external perturbations, gives rise to an almost unlimited variety in physical properties. Together with the relative ease to observe and characterise them, this renders soft matter systems powerful model systems to investigate statistical physics phenomena, many of them relevant as well to hard condensed matter systems. Understanding the emerging properties from mesoscale constituents still poses enormous challenges, which have stimulated a wealth of new experimental approaches, including the synthesis of new systems with, e.g. tailored self-assembling properties, or novel experimental techniques in imaging, scattering or rheology. Theoretical and numerical methods, and coarse-grained models, have become central to predict physical properties of soft materials, while computational approaches that also use machine learning tools are playing a progressively major role in many investigations. This Roadmap intends to give a broad overview of recent and possible future activities in the field of soft materials, with experts covering various developments and challenges in material synthesis and characterisation, instrumental, simulation and theoretical methods as well as general concepts.
Funder
Institut Laue-Langevin Diamond Light Source, the ISIS Simons Foundation Forschungsreaktor München II the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Crafoord Foundation the NSF Center for the Chemistry of Molecularly Optimized Networks (MONET), CHE European Synchrotron Radiation Facility S. Wang MRSEC Oak Ridge Neutron Laboratory the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, NSF NWO Talent Programme Australian Government NSF NIST, U.S. Department of Commerce Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation SBIR J. C. CRF Dutch Research Council Huijun Zhang Australian Research Council Department of Science and Technology the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences DST Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research DFG, German Research Foundation MIUR French Investments for the Future Program SERB, DST, Institut Universitaire de France DMR X. Mao ANR the DST, Govt of India Govt. of India CNES Experimental Soft Matter Research group US Army National Institute of Standards and Technology US Department of Energy ERC NCNR DOE CBET Center for High RAISE Aix-Marseille University JC National Science Foundation French National Research Agency Research Office Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft French Government
Subject
Condensed Matter Physics,General Materials Science,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
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