Fast low temperature synthesis of layered perovskite heterojunctions for overall water splitting

Abstract

Abstract The Ba5Ta4O15-Ba3Ta5O15-BaTa2O6 heterojunction was synthesized for the first time at ambient pressure and mild temperatures without further need of calcination. By systematically adjusting the synthesis parameters, the composition of the composite could be tailored. Detailed Rietveld refinement revealed the highest amount of by-phases for the non-calcined sample with around 12% of Ba3Ta5O15 and 12% of BaTa2O6, respectively. Ba5Ta4O15 represented the main phase for all samples. The non-calcined heterojunction showed the highest activity in photocatalytic hydrogen production with 2360 µmol h−1m−2 corresponding to 1180 µmol h−1 without any co-catalyst. A Rh-Cr2O3 co-catalyst was photodeposited on all samples depending on the surface area for overall water splitting. All samples were active in overall water splitting. This novel synthesis strategy paves the way towards a general low-cost and energy-saving synthesis route to achieve highly crystalline and highly active metal oxide semiconductor photocatalysts.