Flux variations of cosmic ray air showers detected by LHAASO-KM2A during a thunderstorm on June 10, 2021*

Author:

Aharonian F.,An Q.,Bai L.X.,Bai Y.X.,Bao Y.W.,Bastieri D.,Bi X.J.,Bi Y.J.,Cai J.T.,Cao Zhe,Cao Zhen,Chang J.,Chang J.F.,Chen E.S.,Chen Liang,Chen Liang,Chen Long,Chen M.J.,Chen M.L.,Chen S.H.,Chen S.Z.,Chen T.L.,Chen X. J.,Chen Y.,Cheng H.L.,Cheng N.,Cheng Y.D.,Cui S.W.,Cui X.H.,Cui Y.D.,Dai B.Z.,Dai H.L.,Dai Z.G.,Volpe D. della,Duan K.K.,Fan J.H.,Fan Y.Z.,Fan Z.X.,Fang J.,Fang K.,Feng C.F.,Feng L.,Feng S.H.,Feng X.T.,Feng Y.L.,Gao B.,Gao C.D.,Gao L.Q.,Gao Q.,Gao W.,Gao W.K.,Ge M.M.,Geng L.S.,Gong G.H.,Gou Q.B.,Gu M.H.,Guo F.L.,Guo J.G.,Guo X.L.,Guo Y.Q.,Guo Y.Y.,Han Y.A.,He H.H.,He H.N.,He S.L.,He X.B.,He Y.,Heller M.,Hor Y.K.,Hou C.,Hou X.,Hu H.B.,Hu Q.,Hu S.,Hu S.C.,Hu X.J.,Huang D.H.,Huang W.H.,Huang X.T.,Huang X.Y.,Huang Y.,Huang Z.C.,Ji X.L.,Jia H.Y.,Jia K.,Jiang K.,Jiang Z.J.,Jin M.,Kang M.M.,Ke T.,Kuleshov D.,Li B.B.,Li Cheng,Li Cong,Li F.,Li H.B.,Li H.C.,Li H.Y.,Li J.,Li Jian,Li Jie,Li K.,Li W.L.,Li X.R.,Li Xin,Li Xin,Li Y.Z.,Li Zhe,Li Zhuo,Liang E.W.,Liang Y.F.,Lin S.J.,Liu B.,Liu C.,Liu D.,Liu H.,Liu H.D.,Liu J.,Liu J.L.,Liu J.S.,Liu J.Y.,Liu M.Y.,Liu R.Y.,Liu S.M.,Liu W.,Liu Y.,Liu Y.N.,Long W.J.,Lu R.,Luo Q.,Lv H.K.,Ma B.Q.,Ma L.L.,Ma X.H.,Mao J.R.,Masood A.,Min Z.,Mitthumsiri W.,Nan Y.C.,Ou Z.W.,Pang B.Y.,Pattarakijwanich P.,Pei Z.Y.,Qi M.Y.,Qi Y.Q.,Qiao B.Q.,Qin J.J.,Ruffolo D.,Sáiz A.,Shao C.Y.,Shao L.,Shchegolev O.,Sheng X.D.,Shi J.Y.,Song H.C.,Stenkin Yu.V.,Stepanov V.,Su Y.,Sun Q.N.,Sun X.N.,Sun Z.B.,Tam P.H.T.,Tang Z.B.,Tian W.W.,Wang B.D.,Wang C.,Wang H.,Wang H.G.,Wang J.C.,Wang J.S.,Wang L.P.,Wang L.Y.,Wang R.,Wang R.N.,Wang W.,Wang X.G.,Wang X.Y.,Wang Y.,Wang Y.D.,Wang Y.J.,Wang Y.P.,Wang Z.H.,Wang Z.X.,Wang Zhen,Wang Zheng,Wei D.M.,Wei J.J.,Wei Y.J.,Wen T.,Wu C.Y.,Wu H.R.,Wu S.,Wu X.F.,Wu Y.S.,Xi S.Q.,Xia J.,Xia J.J.,Xiang G.M.,Xiao D.X.,Xiao G.,Xin G.G.,Xin Y.L.,Xing Y.,Xiong Z.,Xu D.L.,Xu R.X.,Xue L.,Yan D.H.,Yan J.Z.,Yang C.W.,Yang F.F.,Yang H.W.,Yang J.Y.,Yang L.L.,Yang M.J.,Yang R.Z.,Yang S.B.,Yao Y.H.,Yao Z.G.,Ye Y.M.,Yin L.Q.,Yin N.,You X.H.,You Z.Y.,Yu Y.H.,Yuan Q.,Yue H.,Zeng H.D.,Zeng T.X.,Zeng W.,Zeng Z.K.,Zha M.,Zhai X.X.,Zhang B.B.,Zhang F.,Zhang H.M.,Zhang H.Y.,Zhang J.L.,Zhang L.X.,Zhang Li,Zhang Lu,Zhang P.F.,Zhang P.P.,Zhang R.,Zhang S.B.,Zhang S.R.,Zhang S.S.,Zhang X.,Zhang X.P.,Zhang Y.F.,Zhang Y.L.,Zhang Yi,Zhang Yong,Zhao B.,Zhao J.,Zhao L.,Zhao L.Z.,Zhao S.P.,Zheng F.,Zheng Y.,Zhou B.,Zhou H.,Zhou J.N.,Zhou P.,Zhou R.,Zhou X.X.,Zhu C.G.,Zhu F.R.,Zhu H.,Zhu K.J.,Zuo X.

Abstract

Abstract The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has three sub-arrays, KM2A, WCDA, and WFCTA. The flux variations of cosmic ray air showers were studied by analyzing the KM2A data during a thunderstorm on June 10, 2021. The number of shower events that meet the trigger conditions increases significantly in atmospheric electric fields, with a maximum fractional increase of 20%. The variations in trigger rates (increases or decreases) were found to be strongly dependent on the primary zenith angle. The flux of secondary particles increased significantly, following a trend similar to that of shower events. To better understand the observed behavior, Monte Carlo simulations were performed with CORSIKA and G4KM2A (a code based on GEANT4). We found that the experimental data (in saturated negative fields) were in good agreement with the simulations, assuming the presence of a uniform electric field of -700 V/cm with a thickness of 1500 m in the atmosphere above the observation level. Due to the acceleration/deceleration by the atmospheric electric field, the number of secondary particles with energy above the detector threshold was modified, resulting in the changes in shower detection rate.

Funder

Thailand Science Research and Innovation

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key R&D program of China

Publisher

IOP Publishing

Subject

Astronomy and Astrophysics,Instrumentation,Nuclear and High Energy Physics

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3