Simulation of high frequency gravitational waves detection with modulated Gaussian beam

Abstract

Abstract Based on the modulated Gaussian beam, the feasibility of the Li-Baker detector to detect gravitational wave in GHz band is investigated in this paper. The first-order perturbation photon fluxes (PPF, signal of the detector) and the background photon fluxes (BPF, main noise of the detector) varing with time and transverse distance are calculated, which show their propagation directions and energy densities are much different in some areas. Apart from BPF, we also consider other two important noises: diffraction noise and shot noise. In the simulation, it is found that the diffraction noise and shot noise are both lower than the signal. Meanwhile, the main noise (BPF) can be eliminated when the receiving screen location is chosen to be in some special transverse areas where BPF direction is opposite to PPF. So that the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of our detection can reach up to $320$ at some transverse areas. These results are benefit for the design of the Li-Baker detector.