Influence of diets, lactating animal breeds and seasons of the year on the fatty acid composition of cow milk

Abstract

Abstract The article presents the results of studies of the fatty acid composition of milk raw material obtained in different periods of the year from herds of lactating animals, including individual experiments on the influence of the feeding diet, the influence of the breed composition of the herd, the season of the year on the fatty acid composition of milk. The milk used in terms of quality and safety met the requirements for milk for the production of cheese and butter. Studies of the effect of feed on the fatty acid composition of cow milk were carried out in the summer period of the year in the same group of separately isolated animals of the Black-Motley breed in the amount of 44 heads, which are in yard housing. On the basis of the same farm, comparative studies of the milk quality obtained in different periods of the year (spring, summer and winter) were carried out, when the feeding diet continues to be actively adjusted taking into account the needs of the body of lactating animals and the availability of seasonal feed (green meadow grass, silage, cattle cake, bran and etc.). Differences in the fatty acid composition of milk obtained in different seasons of the year were established. Differences in the fatty acid composition of milk obtained from Jersey, Shvitsk and Kholmogorsk breeds were revealed in terms of the main saturated ones, incl. low molecular weight fatty acids and palmitic acid, as well as mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The differences are associated with both animal breeds and their housing.