Transport factors in the long-term development of the eastern part of the Arctic zone of Russia

Abstract

Abstract The authors consider the importance of the transport factor in the development of new territories and formation and functioning of territorial socio-economic systems in the East of the Arctic zone of Russia. Transport links are primary in the development of socio-economic systems, since mastering of a territory and the formation of the corresponding territorial systems begin with them. The features of the natural resource potential of the East of the Arctic zone of Russia as the basis of its economic activity are highlighted. In this regard, a certain similarity was noted between the regions of the Arctic zone of Russia in their industrial production specialization i.e. mining of non-ferrous and precious metals are present in all regions. The basic functions of all modes of transport for the East of the Arctic zone of Russia are shown. The specific role of transport factors in mastering of natural resources in the Arctic regions is also recognized. To ensure integrated long-term (sustainable) development of the East of the Arctic zone, it is proposed to consider a promising option for the construction of the Arctic Railway from the Anadyr and Beringovsky settlements along the Arctic coast to Tiksi, Norilsk, and Novy Urengoy. The proposed Arctic railway will become a powerful regional factor. On the one hand, it will have a great impact on the development of supporting economic centers on the coast, both existing and new. On the other hand, it will sharply increase the adaptive potential of the population living in this zone. At the same time, effective complementarity of the developing Northern Sea Route by rail can be achieved. All that will become important prerequisites for the long-term development of the Arctic zone of Russian Far East.