Mapping divers terrestrial orchids grown in the orchids garden of the Ranu Darungan Resort, the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park

Abstract

Abstract The aim of this research was to map and to determine terrestrial orchids grown in the Orchid Garden of Ranu Darungan Resort, the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. Garden was divided into four zones, namely A, B, C and D. Garden and orchids were mapped by recording their coordinates using GPS, then integrated into the Google Earth. Terrestrial orchids were identified, while their density of each subzone was determined. Results showed that there were 45 species belonging to 25 genera, some variants and a natural hybrid. Among them, Calanthe triplicata and Nephelaphyllum pulchrum showed the highest density. There were four endemic species of Java such as Paphiopedilum javanicum, Macodes javanica, Liparis javanica, and Acanthephippium javanicum. We found two variants of Eria javanica, two variants of flower colors in Phaius amboinensis, and two variant of labellum tip colors in Arundina graminifolia. We recorded a natural hybridization between C. triplicata and C. sylvatica, and then the hybrid flowers were light purple with a labellum shape of C. triplicata. The A zone was the richest and grown by 31 species followed by the D zone. However, the C and B zones showed the lowest diversity and codominated by N. pulchrum and C. triplicata.