The spring wheat yield formation in Russia Central Region as productive stalks density function

Abstract

Abstract There are three major negative factors, which constrain the potential productivity of spring wheat in the Central Region. The first is the damage of the plants inflicted by Oscinella frit. The crops being heavily pitted and their slow growth due to internal and external infection caused the second biological minimum. The third limiting factor were the spring droughts, commonplace for the Central Region. All those three factors proportionally influence the spring wheat productive stalk density. In agricultural conditions of the Central Region, the high positive correlation between spring wheat yield and number of productive stems per 1 m2 was observed. This correlation proven to be stable by years. By concentrating selection-breeding efforts on such parameter improvement, several new, highly productive varieties, which demonstrated their superiority over the standard one, were created. Thus, one of the most important principles in new Central Region spring wheat varieties development is the creation of varieties with high potential productivity, provided by higher productive stalk density (no less than 450-500 plant per 1 m2) even in different humidity conditions – in combination with other main yield structural elements.