Hydrological Modeling of Urban Flooding in Nandigama: Land Use Dynamics and Climate Influence

Abstract

Abstract Urban flooding affects many areas in the world, caused by heavy rainfall and global warming. Our focus is on Nandigama, a highly urbanized region in Andhra Pradesh, India. Flood maps created based on urbanisation in the study area. TREX model and spatial data used to evaluate the impact of land use changes on runoff. Our analysis showed that urban expansion has increased significantly over the past thirty years, increasing surface area and runoff, leading to more flooding events with lower-intensity rainfall. Climate change has also contributed to this problem, with shorter rainfall durations but higher intensities leading to more frequent small floods. This has resulted in a 21% rise in discharge, from 2.39 m3 /s in 2000 to 2.91 m3 /s in 2020. This study provides essential information for land use planning and flood control management projects.